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IPsec VPN: https://www.juniper.net/documentation/en_US/day-one-books/DO_IPsec_VPNs_2018.pdf
| Payload encapsulation | |
|---|---|
| |
| Signaling | in ISAKMP ( IKE phase1 ) |
| https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc3947 | |
| 1st/2nd (3rd) packet |
|
in the 4th packet ( could be the 3rd ??? ) |
|
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all the IPSEC tunnerl to traverse the NATing equipement
Challenge: Any changes to the IP addressing, which is the function of NAT, causes IKE to discard packets
Solution: ESP over UDP/4500
After detecting one or more NAT devices ( by the firwall) along the datapath during Phase 1 exchanges,
>> NAT-T adds a layer of User Datagram Protocol (UDP) encapsulation to IPsec packets so they are not discarded after address translation.
edit security ike gateway gateway-name
[edit security ike gateway IKE-GW1]
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