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  1. Marker (16 bytes): This field is used for synchronization and is typically set to all ones.

  2. Length (2 bytes): Total length of the message, including the OPEN message header and the optional parameters.

  3. Type (1 byte): Message type (OPEN message has a type value of 1).

  4. Version (1 byte): BGP version number (typically 4 for BGP-4).

  5. AS Number (2 bytes): The Autonomous System (AS) number of the sender.

  6. Hold Time (2 bytes): The suggested hold time for the BGP session in seconds. It represents the maximum time between the receipt of successive KEEPALIVE or UPDATE messages.

  7. BGP Identifier (4 bytes): A 32-bit value that uniquely identifies the sender of the OPEN message.

  8. Optional Parameters Length (1 byte): Length of the Optional Parameters field.

  9. Optional Parameters (variable): Additional parameters that may be included based on negotiation between the BGP peers. Examples include capabilities, authentication information, etc.













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